Treatment for unstable bradycardia can be daunting for clinicians as it is a time-sensitive, high-stakes condition with risks for hemodynamic compromise.

Transcutaneous pacing (TCP) is an emergency treatment used to manage unstable symptomatic bradycardia, but seeing pacing spikes on the ECG doesn't necessarily mean the heart is pumping effectively.

If you've spent much time in an emergency department or on a rig, you've seen how fast a patient given naloxone can go from zero breaths to fully awake, and sometimes straight into acute withdrawal.

When it comes to cardiac arrest, there's often confusion about whether CPR or defibrillation should come first. Current evidence shows that early defibrillation, combined with high-quality CPR, offers the best outcomes in most cases of ventricular fibrillation (VF). A brief period of CPR before defibrillation isn't necessary if a defibrillator is available.

Mixed drug overdoses can cause dangerous cardiac complications, including sodium channel blockade, a condition that disrupts the heart’s electrical conduction and can quickly lead to wide-complex arrhythmias, seizures, severe acidosis, and shock.